The Zero Trust security model is a comprehensive approach that emphasizes protection at every layer of an organization's infrastructure. It operates on three core principles: verify explicitly, apply least privileged access, and always assume breach. This model is essential today as data footprints have expanded beyond traditional on-premises environments to include cloud and hybrid networks, addressing a wider range of potential attack vectors.

Microsoft incorporates Zero Trust as a core architectural principle in both Microsoft 365 and Azure. Their approach focuses on maintaining end-user productivity while ensuring security through built-in controls. This includes using Azure Active Directory for identity management, Conditional Access for real-time risk assessment, and Microsoft Endpoint Manager for device compliance, all aimed at providing a seamless yet secure user experience.

The Zero Trust security model consists of several key components: Identity, Endpoints, Applications, Network, Infrastructure, and Data. Each layer plays a crucial role in safeguarding sensitive information by verifying access, ensuring device compliance, protecting applications, securing network traffic, managing infrastructure configurations, and controlling data access. This multi-layered approach helps organizations mitigate risks effectively.